Understanding Breast Cancer Stages: A Complete 2025 Guide
Smart Health Monitoring Note: While smartwatches like BP Doctor models can track vital signs and detect abnormal heart rhythms, they cannot diagnose breast cancer. Regular mammograms and clinical exams remain essential for early detection.
How Breast Cancer Staging Works
Oncologists use the TNM system (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) to classify breast cancer into 5 key stages (0-4). This staging directly impacts treatment decisions and prognosis.
The TNM Staging Breakdown
| Component | Criteria | Stage Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Tumor (T) | Size and local spread (0-4 scale) | Determines surgical approach |
| Node (N) | Lymph node involvement (0-3) | Indicates chemotherapy need |
| Metastasis (M) | Distant organ spread (0/1) | Changes treatment goals |
Stage-by-Stage Analysis
Stage 0: DCIS
Characteristics: Non-invasive, confined to milk ducts
5-Year Survival: ~100%
Key Treatment: Lumpectomy + radiation
Stages 1-2: Early Invasive
Tumor Size: Up to 5cm
Lymph Nodes: 0-3 involved
Treatment: Surgery + adjuvant therapy
Stages 3-4: Advanced
Spread: Chest wall/skin or distant organs
Approach: Systemic therapy + palliative care
Clinical Trials: Often recommended
Critical Biomarkers
- ER/PR Status: Determines hormone therapy eligibility
- HER2: Guides targeted therapy options
- Ki-67: Measures cancer cell proliferation rate
Smart Health Integration
While wearable devices like the BP Doctor smartwatches can monitor treatment side effects (heart rate variability during chemo, sleep disturbances), they complement rather than replace medical staging. Always consult oncology specialists for cancer management.