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Fiber is the indigestible part of fruits, vegetables and grains that the body cannot digest. A low-fiber diet limits these foods. As a result, the amount of undigested material passing through the large intestine is limited and the amount of stool is reduced.

In many cases, a low-fiber diet is recommended. Sometimes called a restricted fiber diet.

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Purpose

Your doctor may recommend a low-fiber diet if:

  • Narrowing of the bowel due to a tumor or inflammatory disease
  • You have had bowel surgery
  • You are receiving treatment that damages or irritates your digestive tract, such as radiation therapy

As your digestive system returns to normal, you can usually slowly add more fiber to your diet.


Diet Details

A low-fiber diet restricts the types of vegetables, fruits, and grains that can be eaten. Sometimes your doctor may also want you to limit the amount of milk and dairy products in your diet. Milk does not contain fiber, but it may cause discomfort or diarrhea, especially if you are lactose intolerant.

The ability to digest food varies from person to person. Depending on your condition and tolerance, your doctor may recommend a more or less restricted diet.

If you're on a low-fiber diet, be sure to read food labels. Fiber may be added to many unexpected foods, such as yogurt, ice cream, cereal, and even beverages. Choose foods with no more than 1-2 grams of fiber in a single serving.


Avoid the following foods and their products:

  • Nuts, seeds, dried fruit, and coconut
  • Whole grains, popcorn, malt, and bran
  • Brown rice, wild rice, rolled oats, granola, bulgur, quinoa, bulgur, and barley
  • Dried beans, baked beans, lima beans, peas, and lentils
  • Thick Peanut Butter
  • Fruits and Vegetables (except those mentioned below)

 

Choose from the following foods:

  • Tender meats, fish and poultry, ham, bacon, shellfish and lunch meat
  • Eggs, Tofu and Creamy Peanut Butter
  • Dairy (if tolerated)
  • White rice and pasta
  • Baked goods made with refined wheat or rye flour, such as bread, cookies, pancakes, waffles, bagels, salted whole wheat crackers
  • Hot and cold cereals with less than 2 grams of dietary fiber per serving, such as those made from rice
  • Canned or cooked potatoes, carrots, and green beans
  • Pure Tomato Sauce
  • Vegetables and juices
  • Bananas, melons, applesauce, and canned peaches (peeled)
  • Butter, margarine, oils, and seedless salad dressings

 

A typical menu might look like this:

Breakfast

  • Corn flakes with milk
  • White toast, creamy peanut butter, jelly
  • Juice
  • Coffee
Morning snack
  • Seedless yogurt
  • Water or other beverage

Lunch

  • White Bread Turkey Sandwich with Mayonnaise
  • Tomato soup
  • Canned peaches
  • Milk or other beverage
Afternoon snack
  • Cheese slices
  • Salted crackers
  • Water or other beverage
  • Dinner
  • Meat loaf
  • Buttery Mashed Potatoes
  • Cooked carrots
  • Applesauce
  • Milk or other beverage

Prepare all food to ensure tenderness. Good cooking methods include slow cooking, poaching, braising, steaming and braising. Covered dish baking or microwave is another option.

Remember that when you follow a low-fiber diet, you may have fewer bowel movements and thinner stools. To avoid constipation, you may need to take extra fluids. Drink plenty of fluids unless your doctor tells you otherwise.

Result

A low-fiber diet restricts bowel movements, which can help relieve diarrhea or other abdominal symptoms such as abdominal pain. Once your digestive system is back to normal, you can slowly add fiber to your diet.

Risk

Since a low-fiber diet limits what you can eat, your nutritional needs may be difficult to meet. You should only follow a low-fiber diet as directed by your doctor. If you must maintain this diet for an extended period of time, consult with a registered dietitian to ensure you are meeting your nutritional needs.

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